Low Loss DC Circuit Protection for High Voltage Power Systems.

800 VDC Circuit Protection for AI Data Centers

Enable fast, intelligent DC protection without carrying normal operating current through a lossy power semiconductor.

Cenfire is developing a MEMS-based circuit protection platform for next-generation DC power architectures, combining metallic low loss conduction, integrated current sensing, and active galvanic isolation.

Lower Conduction Loss

Conduct through a metallic MEMS path instead of a continuously dissipating semiconductor path.

Fast Active Isolation

Use integrated sensing and active MEMS actuation to support microsecond-level protection response.

Scalable DC Protection

Tile MEMS protection cells from module-level protection toward higher-current DC architectures.

Overview

DC Power Architectures Need a New Protection Layer

As power systems move toward higher voltage DC distribution, protection requirements are changing. AI data centers, battery systems, industrial automation, and electrified infrastructure need protection that is fast, selective, compact, and efficient.

Traditional mechanical breakers offer low conduction loss, but they are too slow for many high-energy DC fault conditions. Conventional solid-state breakers act quickly, but they carry current through power semiconductors during normal operation, creating continuous heat.

Cenfire targets the gap between these two approaches: solid-state speed with a metallic low loss conduction path.

Challenge

Why DC Protection Is Hard

DC faults do not naturally self-extinguish. Unlike AC systems, there is no zero crossing to help stop current flow. As voltage, current, and stored energy increase, protection devices must clear faults quickly while managing arc energy, thermal load, and post-fault isolation.

High voltage DC protection requires:

Cenfire’s MEMS platform is being developed to address these requirements through a hybrid protection architecture.

Cenfire Approach

Metallic Conduction. Active Protection. True Isolation.

Cenfire’s DC protection concept separates the key breaker functions instead of forcing one device to do everything.

Normal Operation

Current flows through a parallel metallic MEMS conduction array to reduce steady-state power loss.

Fault Detection

Integrated current sensing and programmable trip logic monitor the load and detect overcurrent conditions.

Controlled Interruption

Dedicated arc-tolerant contacts, micro arc management structures, and optional semiconductor commutation paths help manage hot-switching events.

Post-Fault Isolation

After clearing, the MEMS contact opens into a true galvanic isolation state

Benefits

Reduce Heat in the Protection Layer

At high current, even small conduction losses become a thermal problem. Cenfire’s MEMS architecture is designed to reduce continuous breaker loss by moving normal operating current through metallic contacts.

Enable Distributed Protection

Lower conduction loss makes it practical to place protection closer to the load, including rack inputs, power shelves, converter modules, battery segments, and service disconnect points.

Improve Fault Containment

Fast, selective DC protection can isolate local failures before they propagate across the power architecture.

Simplify Thermal Design

By targeting low hundreds of watts instead of kilowatt-class breaker heat, Cenfire can support simpler thermal paths and reduce dependence on liquid-cooled switchgear.

Scale with the Application

Cenfire’s MEMS platform can be tiled from module-level current protection toward larger parallel arrays for higher-current systems.

Applications

AI Data Center 800 VDC Protection

Low loss protection for next-generation high voltage DC power distribution in AI infrastructure.

Rack Input Protection

Fast isolation at the rack or sidecar power input without adding kilowatt-class breaker losses.

Industrial DC Power Systems Isolation

Low loss switching and protection for automation, robotics, motor control, and high-power industrial equipment.

Power Shelf Protection

Distributed protection for 800 VDC power shelves, bus segments, and conversion stages.

DC/DC Converter Input Isolation

Compact protection at the input of high-voltage converter modules.

Battery and Capacitor Segment Isolation

Fast disconnect and galvanic isolation for energy storage, backup power, and intermediate DC storage nodes.

Performance

Engineered for Next-Generation DC Protection

Cenfire is developing the platform around the requirements of high voltage DC power systems.

RequirementCenfire Direction
Voltage classTargeting 800 VDC to 1000 VDC architectures
Current scalingParallel MEMS arrays from module to rack-level protection
Conduction pathMetallic MEMS contacts
Fault detectionIntegrated current sensing and programmable trip logic
Interruption architectureHybrid MEMS, arc management, and optional commutation
IsolationTrue galvanic isolation after clearing
Thermal goalLower breaker heat than conventional solid-state protection
IntegrationModule, busbar, rack, and power shelf architectures

Platform Differentiation

Not Another Semiconductor Breaker

Conventional solid-state breakers solve speed by keeping a semiconductor in the current path at all times. That creates continuous conduction loss.

Cenfire’s approach is different.

The normal current path is metallic. The active protection system is used when needed. This allows Cenfire to target fast DC protection without paying the continuous semiconductor loss penalty during normal operation.

Development Path

A Scalable Path from Module Protection to Rack Protection

Module-Level ProtectionA protected electrical power module with a circuit-breaker symbol.

Step 1: Module-Level Protection

Start with lower-current protection points such as converter inputs, battery segments, and service disconnects.

Power Shelf and Rack Input ProtectionA rack of parallel power modules protected by a shield.

Step 2: Power Shelf and Rack Input Protection

Scale parallel MEMS arrays into higher-current DC protection modules.

Wafer-Scale Protection ArraysA tiled silicon wafer with an integrated protection shield.

Step 3: Wafer-Scale Protection Arrays

Use wafer-scale MEMS tiling to target kiloamp-class protection with low conduction loss.

Next Steps

Build the Next DC Protection Architecture with Cenfire

Whether you are designing AI data center power infrastructure, high voltage DC distribution, battery isolation, or industrial power systems, Cenfire can help evaluate where low loss MEMS protection fits into your architecture.

For Engineering Teams

Evaluate voltage, current, trip time, isolation, and thermal requirements for your DC protection node.

For System Architects

Explore distributed protection strategies that reduce fault propagation and improve serviceability.

For Business and Operations Teams

Assess the cost of breaker loss, switchgear cooling, infrastructure complexity, and deployable power.